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Medication Causes of Macrocytic Anemia

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Medication Causes of Macrocytic Anemia, Medications Affecting Folate Metabolism, Medications Affecting Cobalamin, Medication Causes of Marrow Toxicity, Drug-Induced Macrocytic Anemia

  • See Also
  1. Macrocytic Anemia
  2. Vitamin B12 Deficiency
  3. Folate Deficiency
  1. Folate Related Changes
    1. Oral Contraceptive Use
    2. Pyrimethamine (Daraprim)
    3. Triamterene
    4. Alcohol
    5. Biguanides
      1. Methotrexate
      2. Cholestyramine (Questran)
    6. Anticonvulsants
      1. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
      2. Primidone (Mysoline)
      3. Phenobarbital
      4. Valproic Acid (Depakote)
    7. Antibiotics
      1. Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
      2. Sulfamethoxazole
      3. Trimethoprim (e.g. Bactrim or Septra)
      4. Pentamidine
    8. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (HIV Medications)
      1. Stavudine (Zerit)
      2. Lamivudine (Epivir)
      3. Zidovudine (Retrovir)
  2. Vitamin B12 Related Changes
    1. Gastric acid-blocking agents
      1. Proton Pump Inhibitors (e.g. Omeprazole)
      2. Histamine H2-receptor blockers (e.g. Ranitidine)
      3. References
        1. Bradford (1999) Pharmacother 33:641-3 [PubMed]
    2. Metformin (Glucophage)
    3. Colchicine
    4. Neomycin sulfate
    5. Nitrous Oxide
    6. Para-Aminosalicylic Acid
  1. Methotrexate
  2. Daunorubicin
  3. Adriamycin
  4. Benzene and derivatives (e.g. trinitrotoluene)
  5. Purine Antagonists
    1. 6-Mercaptopurine
    2. Thioguanine
    3. Azathioprine (Imuran)
    4. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
  6. Pyrimidine Antagonists
    1. Fluorouracil (Adrucil)
    2. Floxuridine (FUDR)
    3. Azidouridine
    4. Zidovudine (Retrovir)
  7. Ribonucleotide Reduction Inhibitors
    1. Hydroxyurea
    2. Cytosine arabinoside
  8. Alkylating Agents
    1. Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
    2. Busulfan
  • References
  1. Lee (1999) Wintrobe's Hematology, Lippincott, p. 1453
  2. Brigden (1995) Postgrad Med 97(5):171-86 [PubMed]