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Rhabdomyolysis Causes

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Rhabdomyolysis Causes

  • See also
  1. Rhabdomyolysis
  2. Statin-Induced Myopathy
  3. Acute Kidney Injury
  • Causes
  • Exogenous Causes
  1. See medications and toxins below
  2. Limb ischemia
  3. Trauma or Poisoning
    1. Lightning Injury, Electrocution or third-degree burns
    2. Compartment Syndrome
    3. Crush injury
    4. Snake Bite
    5. Africanized honey bee bites
    6. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
    7. Prolonged immobility (patient found down)
  4. Heat Injury
    1. Heat Stroke
    2. Malignant Hyperthermia
    3. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
  5. Physical exertion
    1. Marathon Running
    2. Overexertion
      1. Deconditioned athletes
      2. Sickle Cell Anemia
    3. Exercising with impaired heat dissipation
      1. Heavy or occlusive sports equipment
      2. Humid, warm environment
  • Causes
  • Endogenous Causes
  1. Hypoxia
  2. Polymyositis or Dermatomyositis
  3. Viral Infections
    1. HIV Infection
    2. Influenza A
    3. Influenza B
  4. Bacterial Infections
    1. Legionella
    2. Salmonella
    3. Streptococcus
  5. Endocrine causes
    1. Thyroid disease
    2. Diabetic Ketoacidosis
  6. Electrolytes
    1. Hypophosphatemia
    2. Hypokalemia (Vasoconstriction occurs when Potassium is deficient)
  • Causes
  • Medications
  1. HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
    1. See Statin-Induced Myopathy
    2. Especially when used with Fibrates (e.g. Gemfibrozil)
  2. Cyclosporine
  3. Itraconazole
  4. Erythromycin
  5. Colchicine
  6. Zidovudine
  7. Corticosteroids
  8. Antipyschotics
  1. Alcohol
  2. Cocaine
  3. Methamphetamine
  4. Ecstasy
  5. LSD
  6. Phencyclidine (PCP)
  • References
  1. Marx in Rosen (2002) Emergency Medicine 1762-70
  2. Rendon and Opfer (2019) Crit Dec Emerg Med 33(10): 3-8
  3. Sauret (2002) Am Fam Physician 65(5):907-12 [PubMed]