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Natural Penicillin

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Natural Penicillin, Penicillin, Benzathine, Bicillin

  • See Also
  1. Penicillin Allergy
  • Types
  • Penicillin Categories
  1. Natural Penicillins (see below)
    1. Penicillin G
    2. Procaine Penicillin G
    3. Penicillin V
    4. Benzathine
  2. Aminopenicillins
    1. Ampicillin or Amoxicillin
    2. Augmentin or Unasyn
  3. Extended Spectrum Penicillin
    1. Ticarcillin
    2. Piperacillin
    3. Carbenicillin
    4. Timentin
  4. Penicillinase-Resistant Semisynthetic Penicillin
    1. Cloxacillin
    2. Dicloxacillin
    3. Methicillin
    4. Nafcillin
    5. Oxacillin
  • Mechanism
  • Action
  1. Inhibits cell wall synthesis
  • Mechanism
  • Penicillin Resistance mechanisms
  1. Bacterial Production of Beta lactamase
    1. Staphylococcus aureus
    2. Staphylococcus epidermidis
    3. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    4. Moraxella catarrhalis
  2. Bacterial Alteration in Penicillin-binding Proteins
    1. Streptococcus Pneumoniae (Pneumococcus)
  • Indications
  • Antibacterial Activity Spectrum
  1. General Spectrum
    1. Gram Positive Cocci
    2. Gram Positive bacilli
    3. Spirochetes
    4. Gram Negative Coccobacilli
    5. Anaerobic Bacteria
  2. Penicillin drug of choice in:
    1. Gram Positive Cocci
      1. Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus Pyogenes)
      2. Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae)
      3. Streptococcus Pneumoniae
    2. Spirochetes
      1. Treponema pallidum (Syphilis)
  • Dosing
  • Child
  1. Penicillin G
    1. Standard Dosing
      1. Penicillin G 100-150k U/Kg/day IV/IM divided q4-6h
    2. Group B Streptococcus or Meningitis
      1. Penicillin G 250k-300k U/Kg/day IV/IM divided q4h
    3. HaemophilusInfluenzae Meningitis
      1. Penicillin G 400,000 units/kg/day IV divided q4h
  2. Benzathine Penicillin (Bicillin LA)
    1. Weight <27 kg: 0.3 to 0.6 Million Units IM for 1 dose
    2. Weight >27 kg: 0.9 to 1.2 Million Units IM for 1 dose
  3. Penicillin V (Pen-Vee K)
    1. Supplied: 125 or 250 mg/5ml elixir
    2. Dosing: 25-50 mg/kg/day divided qid
  • Adverse Effects
  1. Anaphylaxis and other Hypersensitivity Reactions
  2. Nephritis
  3. Hyperkalemia
  4. Seizures