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Hypokalemia due to Medication

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Hypokalemia due to Medication, Drug-Induced Hypokalemia, Medication Causes of Low Potassium

  1. See Transcellular Potassium Shift
  2. Beta-Agonist (Sympathomimetics)
  3. Vitamin B12 Supplementation
  4. Decongestants
  5. Xanthines (Caffeine, Theophylline)
  6. Amphotericin B
  7. Insulin excess
  8. Acute Glucose load
  9. Verapamil Overdose
  10. Chloroquine (Aralen) Overdose
  11. Barium or cesium Overdose
  1. See Renal Potassium Loss (Hyperkaluria)
  2. Hypertension (low renin and low Aldosterone)
    1. Exogenous Corticosteroids (e.g. Prednisone)
  3. Normotensive
    1. Hypomagnesemia
      1. See Hypomagnesemia Causes
    2. Diuretics (serum bicarbonate increased, Urine Chloride increased)
      1. Loop Diuretics
      2. Thiazide Diuretics
        1. Among the most common causes of Hypokalemia
  1. See Extrarenal Potassium Loss
  2. Normal Acid-Base Status or Metabolic Alkalosis
    1. See Hypomagnesemia Causes
    2. High dose Penicillin
    3. Aminoglycosides
    4. Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate
    5. Colonoscopy Bowel Preparation
  3. Metabolic Acidosis
    1. Laxatives
    2. Amphotericin
  • References
  1. Kim (2023) Am Fam Physician 107(1): 59-70 [PubMed]