- Serum Potassium
- Hypokalemia Approach
- Hypokalemia due to Renal Potassium Loss
- Hypokalemia due to Extrarenal Potassium Loss
- Hypokalemia due to Transcellular Potassium Shift
- Familial Periodic Paralysis
- Potassium Replacement
- Dietary Potassium
- Hypokalemia with Urine Potassium < 20 meq/day
- Normal Acid-Base Status and Hypokalemia
- Chronic Diarrhea
- Acute Leukemia
- Aminoglycosides
- High dose Penicillin
- Colonoscopy Bowel Preparation
-
Hypomagnesemia
- Intracellular Magnesium (99% of body stores) is not reflected by Serum Magnesium level
- Consider empiric Magnesium Replacement in refractory Hypomagnesemia
- Constant GI loss and inadequate intake (<10-20 meq/day)
- Skin losses from sweating
- Acute Diarrhea
- Amphotericin
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis
- Laxative abuse
- Intestinal or biliary fistula
- Ureterostomy
- Toluene