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Urinary Incontinence due to Medications

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Urinary Incontinence due to Medications, Medication Causes of Urinary Incontinence, Drug-Induced Urinary Incontinence

Causes
Antihypertensive

Diuretics
1. Urge Incontinence
  1. High Urine Volumes with secondary Bladder Irritability and contractions
Calcium Channel Blockers, Beta Blockers, ACE Inhibitors
1. Overflow Incontinence
  1. Relaxes Bladder, decreases Bladder contractility
Alpha-adrenergic Antagonists (e.g.Hytrin)
1. Stress Incontinence
  1. Decreases Urethral sphincter tone
  2. However, alpha blockers reduce Overflow Incontinence in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Alpha Adrenergic Agonist ( Phenylpropanolamine, Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine)
1. Overflow Incontinence
  1. Increases Urethral sphincter tone

Causes
Analgesic

Opioids
1. Overflow Incontinence
  1. Bladder relaxation, Fecal Impaction and sedation result in Urinary Retention
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
1. Overflow Incontinence
  1. Bladder contraction inhibition and sedation result in Urinary Retention

Causes
Neuropsychiatric

Sedative-Hypnotic Medications
1. Overflow Incontinence
  1. Sedation results in Urinary Retention
Antipsychotic Medications, Antidepressants and antiparkinsonism medications
1. Overflow Incontinence
  1. Bladder contraction inhibition results in Urinary Retention

Causes
Miscellaneous

Alcohol
1. Urge Incontinence
  1. High Urine Volumes with secondary Bladder Irritability and contractions
2. Overflow Incontinence
  1. Bladder contraction inhibition and sedation result in Urinary Retention
Antihistamines and Anticholinergics (including Bladder Antispasmodics)
1. Overflow Incontinence
  1. Bladder contraction inhibition and sedation result in Urinary Retention
Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones, Actos)
1. Functional Incontinence
  1. Fluid retention and nocturnal diuresis

References