Exam

Urine Output

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Urine Output, Urine Volume, Oliguria, Anuria

  • See Also
  1. Sodium and Water Hemeostasis
  2. Shock
  3. Acute Kidney Injury
  4. Urinary Tract Obstruction
  • Definitions
  1. Oliguria
    1. Decreased Urine Volume below 0.5 ml/kg/h in adults and <1 ml/kg/h in children
  2. Anuria
    1. Complete absence of Urine Output
  • History
  1. Expect infants to urinate at least three times daily at minimum
  2. Expect children and adults to urinate at least twice daily
  • Exam
  • Normal Urine Output
  1. Adult: >0.5 ml/kg/h
  2. Child: >1 ml/kg/h
  3. Infant: >2 ml/kg/h
  • Causes
  • Decreased Urine Output (Oliguria or Anuria)
  1. Hypovolemic Shock (Hemorrhagic Shock, Dehydration)
  2. Congestive Heart Failure
  3. Acute Kidney Injury (e.g. Acute Tubular Necrosis)
  4. Septic Shock
  5. Preeclampsia
  6. Postrenal Obstruction (e.g. BPH)