Sleep

Sleep Disorders

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Sleep Disorders, Sleep Disorders in Adults, Adult Sleep Problems

  • See Also
  1. Pediatric Sleep Disorders
  • Epidemiology
  1. Sleep Disorders affect 50 to 70 million U.S. adults
  2. Sleep per night <6 hours in 40% of U.S. adults
  • Complications
  1. Specific causes of sleep disturbance (e.g. Obstructive Sleep Apnea) have more specific complications
  2. Sleep disturbance is associated with decreased quality of life and increased all cause mortality
  3. Motor Vehicle Accident increased risk
  4. Hypertension
  • Types
  1. See Pediatric Sleep Disorders
  2. Problems falling asleep
    1. Insomnia
      1. Disorder of Initiating and Maintaining Sleep (DIMS)
    2. Delayed Sleep Phase
      1. Shifted sleep cycle to later sleep onset and later wake time (esp. teens and young adults)
  3. Behavior and movement disturbance during sleep sleep
    1. Restless Legs Syndrome
      1. Uncomfortable Sensation in both legs (Akathisia) interfering with sleep
    2. Periodic Limb Movement
      1. Periodic, repetitive and stereotypic limb movements (especially legs) during sleep
    3. REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
      1. Motor activity during sleep (e.g. acting out dreams)
    4. Parasomnias (e.g. Sleep Walking, Nightmares)
      1. Parasomnias start in childhood and may persist into adulthood
  4. Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
    1. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
      1. Loud snoring, witnessed apneas and Daytime Somnolence
    2. Narcolepsy
      1. Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Cataplexy and Hallucinations (on going to sleep and awakening)
  • Diagnostics
  1. See Polysomnogram (Sleep Study)
  • References
  1. Holder (2022) Am Fam Physician 105(4): 397-405 [PubMed]