Bacteria

Chlamydia Pneumonia

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Chlamydia Pneumonia, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, TWAR

  • See Also
  1. Bacterial Pneumonia
  2. Neonatal Chlamydia Pneumonia
  • Epidemiology
  1. Highest Incidence among elderly
    1. Nursing Home epidemics have recently been identified
    2. Reference
      1. Troy (1997) JAMA 277:1214-8 [PubMed]
  2. Also common in young adults
  3. Causes 6-10% of Community Acquired Pneumonia
  4. Higher risk with comrobid illness
  • Pathophysiology
  1. Caused by Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Chlamydia pneumoniae, TWAR)
  2. Contrast with Neonatal Chlamydia Pneumonia caused by Chlamydia trachomatis via vertical transmission in newborns
  • Symptoms
  1. Atypical Pneumonia presentation
    1. Similar to Mycoplasma pneumoniae
  2. Cough (88%): Minimally productive if at all
  3. Fever (80%)
  4. Shortness of Breath (73%)
  5. Chills (73%)
  6. Nausea (73%
  7. Headache (56%)
  8. Myalgia (50%)
  9. Chest Pain (46%)
  10. Rhinitis (46%)
  11. Diarrhea (42%)
  12. Sore Throat (42%)
  13. Hoarseness (36%)
  • Labs
  1. Chlamydia Serologies
  2. Complete Blood Count
    1. Mild Leukocytosis
  1. Localized segmental infiltrate
  • Management
  • Antibiotic for 10 to 14 days
  1. Primary
    1. Doxycycline
  2. Alternative antibiotics
    1. Erythromycin, Azithromycin or Clarithromycin
    2. Fluoroquinolone
  • Prognosis
  1. Mortality may approach 9% in edlerly with comorbidity
  • References
  1. Gilbert (2001) Sanford Antimicrobial, p. 28
  2. File (1998) Infect Dis Clin North Am 12(3):569-92 [PubMed]
  3. File (1999) Clin Infect Dis 29:426-8 [PubMed]
  4. Grayston (1992) Annu Rev Med 43:317-23 [PubMed]
  5. Kuo (1995) Clin Microbiol Rev 8(4):451-61 [PubMed]
  6. Plouffe (2000) Clin Infect Dis 31:S35-9 [PubMed]
  7. Tan (1999) Can Respir J 6:15A-9A [PubMed]