• See Also
  1. Antinuclear Antibody
  • Causes
  • Negative
  1. Normal
  • Causes
  • Positive (percentage refers to sensitivity)
  1. Sjogren's Syndrome (40%)
    1. Associated with Sjogren's of secondary cause
  2. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (15%)
    1. Associated with late onset Systemic Lupus
    2. Associated with neonatal lupus syndrome
  3. Rheumatoid Arthritis (5%)
  4. Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca Syndrome
  5. Systemic Sclerosis (1%)
  6. Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (<5%)
  • References
  1. Gladman in Klippel (1997) Rheumatic Diseases p. 255-6
  2. Peng in Ruddy (2001) Kelley's Rheumatology, p. 161-72
  3. Callegari (1995) Postgrad Med, 97(4):65-74 [PubMed]
  4. Lane (2002) Am Fam Physician 65(6):1073-80 [PubMed]