HemeOnc

Brain Lesion in Children

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Brain Lesion in Children, Brain Tumor in Children, Pediatric Brain Tumor, Intracranial Mass in Children

  • See Also
  1. Brain Tumors of the Posterior Fossa in Children
  • Epidemiology
  1. Peak Incidence: age 3 to 12 years old
  2. Most common childhood solid neoplasm
  3. Second only to Leukemia for overall cancer Incidence
  • Etiology
  1. Cranial exposure to radiation
    1. Meningiomas
    2. Astrocytomas
    3. Glioblastoma multiforme
  2. Genetic Factors
    1. Family History in 19% of cases overall
    2. Family History in 30% of Glioblastoma Multiforme
  3. Associated conditions
    1. Neurofibromatosis
    2. Tuberous sclerosis
    3. Turcot Syndrome
    4. Li-Fraumeni cancer syndrome
    5. Von Hippel Lindau
  • Causes
  • Tumor types (under age 20 years)
  1. Supratentorial (40%)
    1. Astrocytoma (8-12%)
    2. Glioblastoma (<5%)
    3. Craniopharyngioma (5-8%)
    4. Ependymoma (3-5%)
    5. Choroid Plexus papilloma (2-3%)
    6. Pituitary tumor (<1%)
    7. Pineal tumor (2%)
    8. Meningioma (<1%)
  2. Infratentorial (60%)
    1. Medulloblastoma (18-25%)
    2. Cerebellar Astrocytoma (15-20%)
    3. Brain Stem glioma (8-10%)
    4. Ependymoma (4-6%)
    5. Schwannoma (<1%)
    6. Meningioma (<1%)