Bacteria

Staphylococcal Pneumonia

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Staphylococcal Pneumonia, Pneumonia due to Staphylococcus aureus

  • See Also
  1. Bacterial Pneumonia
  • Epidemiology
  1. Represents <10% of all Community Acquired Pneumonia
  2. Debilitated or chronically ill patients
  • Risk factors
  1. Preceding viral respiratory infection
    1. Influenza
    2. Measles
  2. Cystic Fibrosis
  3. Nosocomial acquisition in Intensive Care unit
  4. Aspiration
  5. Nursing Home residents
  6. Obstructing Bronchogenic Carcinoma
  • Symptoms and Signs
  1. Similar to Pneumococcal Pneumonia
  • Complications
  1. Tissue necrosis
  2. Lung Cavitation
  3. Empyema (common)
  4. Pleural Effusion (common)
  5. Pneumatocele (common)
  6. Pneumothorax (25%)
  • Labs
  1. Gram Stain
    1. Gram Positive Cocci within the Leukocytes
  2. Blood Culture
    1. Frequently negative
  1. Right lung involved in 65% of cases
  2. Bilateral involvement in <20% of cases
  • Management
  1. Avoid antibiotics with higher resistance
    1. Penicillin
    2. Ampicillin or Amoxicillin
  2. Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
    1. Oxacillin
    2. Nafcillin
    3. Clindamycin (risk of inducible resistance)
  3. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
    1. Vancomycin
    2. Linezolid
  • References
  1. Gilbert (2001) Sanford Antimicrobial, p. 28