Prevent

Water Disinfection

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Water Disinfection, Water Filtration, Halogenation

  • See Also
  1. Waterborne Illness
  2. Prevention of Foodborne Illness
  3. Prevention of Waterborne Illness
  • Methods
  • Boiling
  1. Water sterilized at onset of boiling
  • Methods
  • Pasteurization
  1. Cleans, but does not sterilize water
    1. Six log reduction in organisms
  2. Protocols
    1. Heat at 185 degrees F for 20 seconds
    2. Heat at 145 degrees F for 30 minutes
  • Methods
  • Filtration
  1. Pore size dependent
  2. Agent dependent
    1. Bacteria <.2 micron
    2. Cryptosporidium < 1 micron
    3. Virus particles (as small as .0004 micron)
  3. Avoid sediment
    1. Clogs filters, harbors organisms
    2. Technique 1 to clear sediment
      1. Allow water to sit so sediment can settle
      2. Pull water off top into filter
    3. Technique 2 to clear sediment
      1. Run water through coffee filter first
  1. Chlorine contact time (assumes standard pH and Temp)
    1. Escherichia coli: 0.016 ppm Minute
    2. Enteric virus: 4 ppm Minute
    3. Giardia lamblia: 150 ppm Minute
    4. Cryptosporidium: 9600 ppm Minute
  2. Tincture of Iodine (5-10 drops added to quart water)
    1. Indicated for high organic solute load in water
    2. Not effective against Cryptosporidium
    3. Avoid in thryoid disease
  • References
  1. Wayman (2017) Crit Dec Emerg Med 31(6): 3-10