Procedure
Z-Plasty
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Z-Plasty
Definitions
Z-Plasty
Plastic surgery technique in scar revision
Indications
Scar revision (not for primary closure)
Change scar direction
Interrupt scar line to break up tension lines
Lengthen scar to reduce scar traction
Prerequisites
Skin must be loose at right angles to scar
Step 1
Layout incision plan with skin marker
Line 1: Draw along the longitudinal scar axis
Measure the length of line 1
Line 1 runs from Point A to Point B
Line 2: Draw at 60 degrees from Point A
Should be exactly the length of Line 1 and 3
Line 2 runs from Point A to Point C
Line 3: Draw at 60 degrees from Point B
Should be exactly the length of Line 1 and 2
Line 2 runs from Point B to Point D
Completed 3 lines form a Z Shape
Line 1 forms the diagonal middle of the Z
Line 2 and Line 3 form the top and bottom of the Z
Line 2 and Line 3 run parallel to one another
Corners of Z form flap tips of 2 triangles
Flap tip E (top corner of Z at A end of Line 1)
Flap tip F (bottom corner of Z at B end of Line 1)
Step 2
Prepare and incise Z shape
Betadine
or
Hibiclens
preparation of site
Local Lidocaine
Anesthesia
Using #15 blade, make vertical incision along Z
Excise scar
Create full thickness skin flaps
Undermine skin at subcutaneous fat
Flaps should be freely mobile
Step 3
Transpose flap tips
Flap tip E is transposed to point D (bottom end of Z)
Simple interrupted stay
Suture
s hold sides
Corner Stitch
es used to hold flap tips in place
Flap tip F is transposed to point C (top end of Z)
Simple interrupted stay
Suture
s hold sides
Corner Stitch
es used to hold flap tips in place
Step 4
Final appearance
Line 1 is now reoriented by 90 degrees
Z shape is a mirror image of incised Z
Complications
Flap necrosis or sloughing
Wound
Hematoma
(consider large bore needle aspiration)
Wound Infection
References
Davidson in Cummings (1998) Otolaryngology, p. 440*1
Salam (2003) Am Fam Physician 67(11):2329-32 [PubMed]
http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030601/2329.pdf
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