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Tracheomalacia

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Tracheomalacia

  • Epidemiology
  1. Presents in infancy
  • Predisposing factors
  1. Other congenital anomalies
    1. Tracheoesophageal fistula
    2. Vascular Ring
  2. Prolonged intubation
  3. Prolonged Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux disease
  • Signs
  1. Barking cough
  2. Expiratory Wheeze
  3. Provocative factors (increase Wheezing)
    1. Crying
    2. Feeding
    3. Cough
    4. Nebulized beta Agonists
  • Diagnosis
  1. Bronchoscopy while child breathes spontaneously
  • Management
  1. Supportive care
  2. Severe Tracheomalacia
    1. Tracheostomy
    2. CPAP
  • Course
  1. Self limited
  2. Improves by age 12 to 24 months
  • References
  1. Benjamin (1984) Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 93:438-42 [PubMed]