• Associated Conditions (Comorbid neurological disorders in 60% cases)
  1. Spina bifida or meningomyelocele
  2. Arthrogryposis
  • Signs
  1. Foot with "Rocker-bottom" appearance
  2. Rigid foot with tight heel cord
  3. Reversed longitudinal arch
    1. Convex plantar surface
  4. Plantar flexion of Ankle Joint
  5. Midfoot and hindfoot are dorsiflexed
  • Differential Diagnosis
  1. Out-toeing (Talipes Calcaneovalgus)
    1. More mild changes than Convex Pes Valgus
  • Management
  1. Stretching may be tried as with Talipes Calcaneovalgus
  2. Surgery required in most cases
  • References
  1. Hoppenfeld (1976) Exam. Spine Extremities, p.159-60,223
  2. Churgay (1993) Am Fam Physician 47(4):883 [PubMed]
  3. Gore (2004) Am Fam Physician 69(4):865-72 [PubMed]
  4. Hoffinger (1996) Pediatr Clin North Am 43:1091-111 [PubMed]