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Health Care Associated Infection

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Health Care Associated Infection, Healthcare Associated Infection, Health Care-Associated Infection, Healthcare Associated Infectious Disease, Infection as Complication of Medical Care, Iatrogenic Infection

  • See Also
  1. Antibiotic Resistant Infection
  2. Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection
  3. Catheter Related Bloodstream Infection
  4. Intravascular Catheter-Related Infection
  5. CRBI
  6. Bloodstream Infections in Hemodialysis
  7. Infection in the Nursing Home Resident
  8. MRSA Infection
  9. Prosthetic Joint Infection
  10. Skin and Soft Tissue Infection
  11. Surgical Site Infection Prevention
  12. Urinary Catheter associated Urinary Tract Infection
  13. Handwashing
  • Epidemiology
  • Incidence of Health Care Associated Infection
  1. Summary (in United States)
    1. Overall Prevalence: 1.7 Million cases/year
    2. Mortality: 98,000 deaths/year (equivalent to the seventh leading cause of death in U.S.)
  2. By Cause (in United States)
    1. Surgical Site Infection: 157,500 cases/year
    2. Urinary Catheter associated Urinary Tract Infection: 93,300 cases/year
    3. Clostridium difficile: 80,400 cases/year
    4. Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection: 71,900 cases/year
    5. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: 49,900 cases/year
  • Types
  1. Device-Associated Infections
    1. Urinary Catheter associated Urinary Tract Infection
    2. Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection
    3. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
  2. Procedure-Associated Infections
    1. Surgical Site Infection
  3. Antibiotic-Associated Infections
    1. Clostridium difficile
    2. Antibiotic Resistant Infection (Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria)
  4. Pandemic Management
    1. See Covid19
  • Prevention
  1. See Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship
  2. See specific types of Health Care Associated Infection
  3. See Personal Protection Equipment
  4. See Handwashing
  5. Hand Hygiene before and after procedures
  6. Insert devices
    1. Only while using sterile technique
    2. Only when absolutely indicated
    3. For no longer than absolutely necessary
  • Resources
  1. CDC HAI Prevention
    1. https://www.cdc.gov/hai/prevent/prevention.html
  • References
  1. Cagle (2022) Am Fam Physician 105(3): 262-70 [PubMed]
  2. Hsu (2014) Am Fam Physician 90(6): 377-82 [PubMed]
  3. Haque (2018) Infect Drug Resist 11: 2321-33 +PMID:30532565 [PubMed]