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Head and neck manifestations of HIV

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Head and neck manifestations of HIV, HIV related head and neck complications

  • Associated Conditions
  1. Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)
    1. May progress to Esophageal Candidiasis
  2. Angular Cheilitis
  3. Aphthous Ulcers
    1. May occur with normal CD4 Counts
    2. May occur in early HIV with normal CD4 Cell Counts
    3. Consider Differential Diagnosis
      1. Oral Histoplasmosis and
      2. Primary HSV gingivostomatitis
  4. Kaposi's Sarcoma
    1. Most common oral Malignancy in HIV
    2. Lesions on Hard Palate
    3. Similar lesions in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
  5. Acute Sinusitis
    1. Same Bacterial pathogens as in non-HIV patients
    2. Pseudomonas aeruginosa amy be seen in advanced HIV
  6. Hairy Leukoplakia
  7. Parotitis
    1. See Viral Sialolithiasis
    2. Presents with gradual, non-tender Salivary Gland Enlargement (typically affects Parotid Gland)
    3. Diffuse cystic involvement of the major glands