- High energy valgus or external rotation (MVA, landing a ski jump, Knee Dislocation)
- Associated with avulsion of medial collateral ligament
- Medial Collateral Ligament Tear
- Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tear
- Medial Meniscus Tear
- Dolbec (2019) Crit Dec Emerg Med 33(1): 17-25