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Volpicelli Dyspnea Evaluation with Ultrasound Protocol
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Volpicelli Dyspnea Evaluation with Ultrasound Protocol
Landmarks
Chest
divided into 8 zones (4 per hemithorax)
Horizontal lines
Dividing line (center line)
Below Nipple line
Vertical lines
Antero-Medial border
Parasternal line
Center line
Anterior axillary line
Posterior border
Posterior axillary line
Technique
Scan each of 8 zones at the intercostal spaces for B-Lines
Interpretation
Pulmonary Edema
Positive zone
Three or more B-Lines identified in a zone (B+ lines)
Positive Hemithorax
Two of four zones positive in a hemithorax
Positive scan
Both hemithoraxes positive
References
Volpicelli (2012) Intensive Care Med 38:577–91 [PubMed]
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