Mucosa

Oral Papilloma

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Oral Papilloma, Oral Squamous Papilloma, Oral Papillomatosis

  • See Also
  1. Human Papillomavirus
  2. Genital Human Papillomavirus
  3. Oral Mucosa Disorder
  4. Tongue Lesion
  • Pathophysiology
  1. Human Papillomavirus (most commonly HPV 6, 11) affecting squamous epithelium on the Oral Mucosa, lip or Tongue
  2. Similar to Genital Human Papillomavirus
  • Epidemiology
  1. Onset age 30 to 50 years
  • Signs
  1. Single, exophytic tumors most commonly on the Oral Mucosa or ventral Tongue
    1. May also be found on lips and Palate
  2. Lesions are typically smaller (<1 cm), and not clustered (unlike Condyloma acuminatum)
  3. Numerous finger-like projections from a rough surface (verrucous lesions with cauliflower appearance)
  • Differential Diagnosis
  1. See Tongue Mass
  2. See Oral Lesion
  3. Condyloma acuminatum
    1. Although also caused by HPV 6 and 11, associated with higher cancer-risk types (HPV 16 or 18)
    2. Single or multiple dome shaped lesions, larger than papilloma
    3. Localized to the dorsal Tongue and lingual frenulum
  • Labs
  1. Biopsy
    1. Exophytic fronds with fibrovascular cores
    2. Koilocytes
    3. Keratinization
  • Management
  1. Surgical excision (preferred, lowest recurrence rate)
  2. Cryotherapy
  3. Laser ablation
  • References
  1. Straub (2024) Am Fam Physician 110(5): 467-75 [PubMed]
  2. Syrjänen (2018) Eur J Oral Sci 126 Suppl 1(Suppl Suppl 1):49-66 +PMID: 30178562 [PubMed]